Rehabilitación en pacientes con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana / Rehabilitation in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Introducción: La rehabilitación se presenta como una estrategia eficaz que puede usarse para hacer frente a las deficiencias, discapacidades y minusvalías que van presentando los pacientes con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Las dificultades psicosociales y cognitivas ocasionadas por la enfermedad unidas a la debilidad muscular incapacitan al paciente, tanto mental como físicamente, para llevar a cabo las actividades de la vida diaria. Objetivo: Ampliar los conocimientos a todos los profesionales de la salud sobre el manejo rehabilitador de los pacientes con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión del tema en las bases de datos Lilacs, Ebsco, Cochrane Library y Pubmed. La estrategia de búsqueda se desarrolló en el período comprendido entre mayo y julio de 2019. Conclusiones: El propósito de la rehabilitación es que el paciente tenga las mejores posibilidades de confort y productividad, cualquiera que sea su expectativa de vida(AU)

Introduction: Rehabilitation is presented as an effective strategy that can be used to confront the deficiencies, disabilities and handicaps affecting patients with human immunodeficiency virus. The psychosocial and cognitive difficulties caused by the disease, together with muscle weakness, incapacitates the patient, both mentally and physically, to carry out the activities of daily life. Objective: To extend the knowledge to all health professionals about the rehabilitative management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: A review of the topic was carried out in the databases of Lilacs, Ebsco, Cochrane Library and Pubmed. The search strategy was developed in the period between May and July 2019. Conclusions: The purpose of rehabilitation is for the patient to have the best possibilities of comfort and productivity, whatever their life expectancy may be(AU)

Progressive resistance training in elderly hiv-positive patients: does it work?

BACKGROUND: Elderly people present alterations in body composition and physical fitness, compromising their quality of life. Chronic diseases, including HIV/AIDS, worsen this situation. Resistance exercises are prescribed to improve fitness and promote healthier and independent aging. Recovery of strength and physical fitness is the goal of exercise in AIDS wasting syndrome. OBJECTIVE: This study describes a case series of HIV-positive elderly patients who participated in a progressive resistance training program and evaluates their body composition, muscular strength, physical fitness and the evolution of CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts. METHODS: Subjects were prospectively recruited for nine months. The training program consisted of three sets of 8-12 repetitions of leg press, seated row, lumbar extension and chest press, performed with free weight machines hts, twice/week for one year. Infectious disease physicians followed patients and reported all relevant clinical data. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric measures and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry before and after the training program. RESULTS: Fourteen patients, aged 62-71 years old, of both genders, without regular physical activity who had an average of nine years of HIV/AIDS history were enrolled. The strengths of major muscle groups increased (74 percent-122 percent, p=0.003-0.021) with a corresponding improvement in sit-standing and walking 2.4 m tests (p=0.003). There were no changes in clinical conditions and body composition measures, but triceps and thigh skinfolds were significantly reduced (p=0.037). In addition, there were significant increases in the CD4+ counts (N=151 cells; p=0.008) and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (0.63 to 0.81, p=0.009). CONCLUSION: Resistance training increased strength, improved physical fitness, reduced upper and lower limb skinfolds, and were associated with an improvement in the CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ counts in HIV positive elderly patients without ...

Infecção pelo HIV: tratamento fisioterapêutico das disfunções funcionais / HIV infection: physical therapy treatment of functional disabilities

Atualmente, com o avanço nos tratamento, a infecção pelo HIV tem sido considerada como uma doença crônica, dando ao paciente uma maior expectativa de vida. Esta infecção tem a propensão, através da ação direta do vírus ou das doenças oportunistas e neoplasias, de envolver múltiplos órgãos e sistemas, produzindo uma grande variedade de condições debilitantes. O aumento da sobrevida associado à debilidade física conseqüente à doença pode comprometer a independência do paciente, tanto na mobilidade e autocuidado, como para o trabalho e produtividade. Conforme aumenta o número de pessoas infectadas, mais atenção precisa ser dada ao manejo da incapacidade física para proporcionar uma melhor qualidade de vida. Existe pouca pesquisa nesta área. Este estudo é uma revisão das estratégias fisioterapeuticas indicadas para prevenir ou retardar a incapacidade conseqüente à doença, mantendo a independência do paciente infectado pelo maior tempo possível. Nós concluímos que a fisioterapia tem um papel significativo em minimizar o déficit funcional melhorando a qualidade de vida.